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| Sexo Na Gravidez |
Author of best sellers in the United States, Dr. David Barker, director of a foundation that bears his name and researcher at the Center for the Study of the Heart of Oregon, studied since the 1970s, the link between chronic diseases and uterine life. His most recent article was based on an epidemiological study in Finland, with data from 6975 men born between 1934 and 1944, a time when hospitals recorded the child's weight at birth, as well as the placenta. The files also had information on weight, height and age of the mother in late pregnancy.
Using a personal identification number that every Finn will receive when registered, the researchers managed to identify all hospital admissions and deaths from coronary heart disease of men in the period between 1971 and 2003. In total, they found 655 cases of heart disease (myocardial infarction and ischemia) in the study population - 211 patients died as a result. In an interview with Mail, Barker explains that the study focused on men because women are less victims of coronary heart disease than men.
From statistical methods, scientists found that weight, height and age of the mothers were unrelated to the likelihood of developing heart problems. The low birth weight, ponderal index less than the average (see computer graphics) and the size of the placenta, however, were associated with diseases in adulthood. "Both the low weight of the placenta and the high, commensurate with the child's weight at birth were risk factors for developing coronary heart disease in the future.This indicates that the size of the placenta causes the fetus 'schedule' heart disease, "says the article.
"The heart is already complete at birth, and its structure, which determines the future risk of coronary heart disease, is shaped by the structure of the placenta, through which the heart pumps blood and the fetus receives nutrients," says Barker. He explains that the temporary body, which is also part of the baby inside the womb, capture nutrients from the mother's blood and transports them to the fetus. For the scientist, "the development of the placenta and the food it provides are the key to lifelong health."
Importance
The placenta has three key roles. "It is the gateway between the mother and baby, transferring food from the mother of the fetus and waste, she produces the hormones needed to maintain pregnancy, and protects the baby from the mother's immune system, which could attack him if identified as a be odd, since half the genes come from the father of the fetus, "lists the cardiologist. The organ development begins when the embryo implants in the womb, about eight days after conception. In the 10th week of pregnancy, the placenta is already fully functional.Being an organ so important any abnormality can result in future problems. In the study, scientists discovered three combinations between the mother's body and shape of the placenta that indicate the probability of a child suffering from heart disease in adulthood.
For women low in the first pregnancy and with an oval shaped placenta, the risk is associated with the width: every inch the more the difference between length and width increases by 14% the chances of a child suffering from coronary problems at age adult. Small placentas tall and weighed in women increases the risk by 25% for every 40cm ² reduction in organ size (compared to a normal). Among the mothers with high and very thin large placentas, the likelihood grows 7% for every 1% increase in the body, which also compared to a normal. Barker notes that to exclude any other external risk factor, such as alcoholism and smoking, scientists have researched thoroughly the medical records of men who made up the study.
The cardiologist explained that in the first combination, a placenta with oval surface indicates that the implementation of the agency was discontinued in early pregnancy, causing fetal malnutrition, which according to him, is related to the development of heart disease adulthood. In the second combination, the explanation is that underdevelopment affects the placenta, in the middle of pregnancy, fetal growth, also because it restricts their ability to absorb nutrients from the mother.The last case relates to how the mother eats during pregnancy. "Height indicates good nutrition before pregnancy, but the index shows a low body poor intake of nutritious foods during pregnancy," he says.
For one of the coauthors of the study, Eero Kajantie, Department of Primary Care, University of Helsinki, more studies are warranted to confirm the relation between the shape of the placenta and the risk of developing coronary heart disease in adulthood. But he has no doubt that nutrition during intrauterine life is fundamental to the health of the individual."Chronic diseases are the product of the nutritional status of the mother and developing fetus. It is not just a consequence of an unhealthy lifestyle in adulthood, "says the Mail. Therefore, he argues that the more a pregnant woman take care of food, the more protection it will be offering the child for the rest of life.
Both the low weight of the placenta and the high, commensurate with the child's weight at birth were risk factors for developing coronary heart disease in the future. This indicates that the size of the placenta causes the fetus' schedule 'heart disease'